Terapia Ocupacional basada en la comunidad en personas supervivientes a un ictus cerebral: una revisión sistemática.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53382/issn.2810-6369.5Palabras clave:
Desempeño ocupacional, Rehabilitación, Participación, ComunidadResumen
Introducción. Diversos estudios han analizado el impacto que la terapia ocupacional basada en la comunidad, después del alta hospitalaria, puede tener sobre la disfunción ocupacional en personas supervivientes a un ictus cerebral. Objetivo. El objetivo fue describir las intervenciones que están realizando los terapeutas ocupacionales en la comunidad y su efectividad en cuanto al desempeño ocupacional y su participación plena en la comunidad en personas supervivientes a un ictus cerebral. Método. Se llevó a cabo una revisión sistemática incluyendo ensayos clínicos aleatorizados y teniendo en cuenta solamente las intervenciones realizadas por un terapeuta ocupacional, excluyendo aquellas que solo se enfocaron en intervenciones de estructuras y funciones corporales. Resultados. Se incluyeron veintidós estudios que evaluaron el desempeño ocupacional, la participación, la satisfacción, la calidad de vida, la ansiedad y/o la depresión. Conclusión. Las intervenciones de terapia ocupacional en la comunidad mostraron una tendencia hacia una mayor efectividad sobre el desempeño ocupacional cuando se enfocan en actividades significativas y se llevan a cabo dentro del contexto domiciliario.
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